Dandakaranya

Physical region in east-central India. Extending over an area of about 35,600 square miles (92,300 square km), it includes the Abujhmar Hills in the west and borders the Eastern Ghats in the east. The Dandakaranya includes parts of Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, and Andhra Pradesh states. It has dimensions of about 200 miles (320 km) from north to south and about 300 miles (480 km) from east to west. The region derives

Bienville, Jean-baptiste Le Moyne De

Jean-Baptiste was the eighth son of Canadian pioneer Charles Le Moyne. He entered the French navy at age 12 and served with his noted elder brother, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, in naval engagements (1696 - 97) in Hudson Bay and the North Atlantic during

Gobi

The population density is small - fewer than three persons per square mile (one per square kilometre) - mostly Mongols with Chinese in Inner Mongolia. The Chinese population has increased greatly since 1950. The main occupation of the inhabitants is nomadic cattle raising, though agriculture is predominant in regions where the Chinese are concentrated. The traditional

Deventer, Conrad Theodor Van

Van Deventer, educated in the law, left in 1880 for the Indies, where he worked as a lawyer and held various judicial posts. The outer islands (i.e., those outside

Wu Zhen

Wu, like others of the group, sought stylistic inspiration in the past (especially from Five Dynasties masters such as Juran),

Metabolism, The nature of the respiratory chain

The carriers are NAD and, less frequently, NADP ; the flavoproteins FAD and FMN (flavin mononucleotide);

Dur Sharrukin

Modern �Khorsabad� ancient Assyrian city located northeast of Nineveh, in Iraq. Built between 717 and 707 BC by the Assyrian king Sargon II (reigned 721 - 705), Dur Sharrukin exhibits careful town planning. The city measured about one mile square (2.59 square km); its outer walls were pierced by seven fortified gates. An inner wall enclosed a temple to Nabu (a god of vegetation and the patron of the art of writing), the

Hajjaj (ibn Yusuf Ath-thaqafi), Al-

Al-Hajjaj was a schoolteacher in his native town as a young man, but little else is known of his earlier years. He first became

Ectoplasm

In occultism, a mysterious, usually light-coloured, viscous substance that is said to exude from the body of a spiritualist medium in trance and may then take the shape of a face, a hand, or a complete body. It is normally visible only in the darkened atmosphere of a s�ance (q.v.). Ectoplasm is said to be the substance involved in the materialization of spiritual bodies, and

Sahara, Climate

The Sahara was established as a climatic desert approximately five million years ago, during the Early Pliocene Epoch. Since the Pliocene, the Sahara has been subject to short- to medium-term oscillations of drier and more humid conditions. Human activity seems to have contributed to the stability of the desert by increasing surface reflectivity and by reducing

Zaanstad

Gemeente (commune), Noord-Holland provincie, western Netherlands. It lies along the Zaan River near its junction with the North Sea Canal. An industrial area 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Amsterdam, Zaanstad was created in 1974 at the merger of the former gemeenten (communes) of Zaandam, Koog aan de Zaan, Zaandijk, Wormerveer, Krommenie, Assendelft, and Westzaan. Zaandam was an important

Bar Harbor

Coastal town, Hancock county, southern Maine, U.S. It is on Mount Desert Island at the foot of Cadillac Mountain (1,530 feet [466 metres]) facing Frenchman Bay, 46 miles (74 km) southeast of Bangor. Settled in 1763, it was incorporated in 1796 as Eden; the present name (for Bar Island in the main harbour) was adopted in 1918. Most of the town was destroyed by fire in 1947. Rebuilt Bar Harbor is the centre of a popular resort

Arts, Islamic, Three great mosques

During the rule of the Umayyad prince al-Walid I (705 - 715), a number of complex developments within the Muslim community were crystallized in the construction of three major mosques, at Medina, Jerusalem, and Damascus. The very choice of these three cities is indicative: the city in which the Muslim state was formed and in which the Prophet was buried; the city held in common holiness

Biblical Literature, Malachi

The Book of Malachi, the last of the Twelve (Minor) Prophets, was written by an anonymous writer called Malachi, or �my messenger.� Perhaps written from about 500 - 450 BCE, the book is concerned with spiritual degradation, religious perversions, social injustices, and unfaithfulness to the Covenant. Priests are condemned for failing to instruct the people on their Covenant responsibilities,

Ukko

In Finnish folk religion, the god of thunder, one of the most important deities. The name Ukko is derived from ukkonen, �thunder,� but it also means �old man� and is used as a term of respect. Ukko had his abode at the centre of the heavenly vault, the navel of the sky; hence he was often called Jumala, �Heaven God.� Ukko was believed to control rainfall and thus the fertility of the land,

Ukko

The PFLP was established in 1967 in an amalgamation of three different guerrilla groups by the militant Palestinian leader

Brundage, Avery

Brundage competed in the pentathlon and decathlon at the

Ukulele

The ukulele has been played in Europe and the United States as a jazz and solo instrument in the 20th century. It is tuned (in the middle-C octave) g� - c� - e� - a� or d� - f� - a� - b�.

Cylindrical Projection

In cartography, any of numerous map projections of the terrestrial sphere on the surface of a cylinder that is then unrolled as a plane. Originally, this and other map projections were achieved by a systematic method of drawing the Earth's meridians and latitudes on the flat surface. But this method produces distortion, so a map projection today may be created using

�lvarez, Juan

A landowner of mestizo ancestry, �lvarez in 1811 joined Jos� Mar�a Morelos in an unsuccessful campaign for independence from Spain. He was prominent in Antonio L�pez de Santa Anna's revolt of 1822 - 23, which overthrew

Cromwell, Oliver

As one of the generals on the parliamentary side in the English Civil War against King Charles I, Cromwell helped to bring about

Burgess, Hugh

Little is known of his early life. In 1851 he and Watt developed a process in which pulpwood was cut into small chips, boiled in a solution of caustic alkali at high temperature and pressure in a closed container,

Webster, Marie

Marie Daugherty was educated at local schools in Wabash, Indiana. Unable to attend college because of an eye ailment, she was tutored in Latin and Greek and read widely. She was married to George Webster in 1884, and the

Argentina, The land and the people

Patterns of settlement are the subject of Carl-Christoph Liss, Die Besiedlung und Landnutzung Ostpatagoniens unter besonderer Ber�cksichtgung der Schafestancien (1979); Robert C. Eidt, Pioneer Settlement in Northeast Argentina (1971); Mark Jefferson, Peopling the Argentine Pampa (1926, reprinted 1971); and Richard W. Slatta, Gauchos and the Vanishing Frontier (1983, reissued 1992).

Rama Ii

The second ruler (1809 - 24) of the present Chakkri dynasty, under whose rule relations were reopened with the West and Siam began a forward policy on the Malay peninsula. A gifted poet and dramatist, Rama II wrote a famous version of Inao, dramatic version of a popular traditional story, as well as episodes of

Davenport

City, seat (1838) of Scott county, eastern Iowa, U.S. It lies on the north bank of the Mississippi River and is the largest of the Quad Cities, an urban complex that includes neighbouring Bettendorf to the east and Moline and Rock Island across the river in Illinois. Credit Island, now a park, was a battlefield in the War of 1812; Fort Armstrong (restored) was established on Rock Island

Earth, Composition of the core

Aside from having a high density, the generation of the magnetic field also requires that the core, unlike the mantle, be metallic. Birch's conclusion in 1952 was that iron is the most plausible constituent of the core. This was bolstered by subsequent work that has shown that iron is by far the most abundant element in the cosmos with density, elasticity, and electrical properties